Quantum Computing: The Solution to the Problems of Science

For several years now we have been listening to and using the classical computing.And surely, some of you have heard about the Quantum Computing.

Now then, to begin with Quantum computing makes use of qubits, instead of bits or the famous binary codes. This makes it possible to create new logic gates and, in turn, solve other types of algorithms.. Therefore, problems that were once extremely difficult are no longer so difficult.

When we say bits, we are using the number sequences 1 and 0., But when we refer to qubits, we use the combinations 0 0, 0 1, 1 0 or 1 1 at the same time. In this way, through superposition, the calculations that can be done in a unit of time increase exponentially.

What is the origin of quantum computing?

Around the year 1981, the scientist Paul Benioff I already had the idea of quantum computing, having spent several years studying its theoretical feasibility. I had also described the quantum mechanical model using Turing machines. In this way, He revealed his theory of using these laws in the world of computing..

While a traditional computer works with bits that have values of 0 and 1, allowing for logical operations like AND, OR, and NOT, it's important to note that combining "n" bits allows for the reproduction and manipulation of numbers. Therefore, if a specific value "x" needs to be changed, another series of operations is required.

In fact, The superposition allows us to gather a lot more information than 2 raised to the power of “n” qubit states, so that each operation will affect the others.

Now then, the entanglement, in addition to eliminating countless limitations of traditional computing. It enables the development of two algorithms, such as Quantum Tempering and Shor's algorithm..

He Quantum Tempering Algorithm, also called Alloy, allows find the minimum values of functions, which is used in artificial intelligence.And the one from Shor helps in separating a number into its prime factors, In a faster and more efficient way. It is also used for encrypting data on the internet.

Some problems that quantum computing faces

There are several problems to solve so far. One is the quantum decoherence, In other words, it is when an entangled quantum system stops showing its effect and begins to exhibit classical behavior.

On the other hand, the stability of the cubits, This is because they are highly susceptible to interruptions from other power sources. This instability leads to errors in calculations.

And of course, the cost of a team of this size, which could cost millions of dollars, thus limiting it to a few companies that can afford such an investment.

What will it be used for?

The development of this technology, It will be used for research in various areas with very interesting purposes, which will allow us to offer a better quality of life to people.. On the other hand, several technology companies are making giant strides in quantum computing, such as IBM, NASA, Samsung, JPMorgan and Google, just to mention a few.

One of the applications they are experimenting with is the object detection, For example, it can be used to identify a vehicle. It has also been used to recognize tree types using binary classification algorithms.

Likewise, another branch that would benefit is chemistry. Because they estimate that will facilitate the design of new materials. According to experts, Microsoft hopes to improve its nitrogen capture processes to enhance fertilizers, while simultaneously reducing its current high energy consumption.

They also expect improve radiotherapy, As is well known, these treatments are used to eliminate cancer. However, this treatment has side effects that can affect healthy cells. With quantum computing and High Performance Computing (HPC), they will create applications of the perfect medication for the affected area..

And how are they doing in this race?

Just over a year and a half ago, IBM launched a prototype quantum computer, called IBM Q Experience, with only 5 qubits. But a few months ago, they showed their second team tripling the power to 16 qubits. In addition, they announced the manufacture of two new prototypes with 20 and 50 qubits..

Meanwhile, the idea circulating is to mass-produce these devices, making this technology available to people for business and scientific purposes.

We are just getting started with this technology, but it promises great advances in solving complex mysteries, and thus improving our lives.

Tell us Have you heard about quantum computing? How far do you think it will go?

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